Evolution

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How do living creatures change and adapt to new and changing environments? That is a question that has been debated by creationists and evolutionists for well over a century. When it comes to the large-scale changes like moving from molecule to man, the two camps hold to irreconcilable positions/answers to that basic question. Special creation and macroevolution (be it the Darwinian version or the “theistic” version) always have been, and continue to be, mutually exclusive. Either God created the original “created kinds” (or baramins) and one never “evolves” into another, or all of life has descended from an initial life-form as a result of major transformations driven by environmental/selective pressure, that is to say “natural selection” acting on random mutations.

That being said, for decades now, creationists and evolutionists alike have agreed on the validity of microevolution, the idea that small-scale changes (within a Biblical “created kind”) can occur naturally via the same process of “natural selection” acting on random mutations. Thus, up until recent times, most creationists would not question the mechanism that theoretically drove the change postulated by neo-Darwinism, just the unlimited extent of the change that was claimed by evolutionists. That is now beginning to change with the introduction of a brand new theory of biological design called “continuous environmental tracking” (CET) that has been proposed by scientists at the Institute for Creation Research (ICR). In contrast to the existing evolutionary paradigm of random mutations and natural selection, CET is engineering-based and non- random/non-mystical in nature. It holds much promise in providing design-based explanations for how creatures change and adapt to their environments. Before examining this new theory in detail, let’s first review and evaluate the old theory about “how creatures change/adapt” that has dominated the scientific literature for nearly a century.

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Charles Darwin and evolutionist Robert Weidersheim obviously did not have access to the vast knowledge base of biology that we enjoy today. The list of “vestigial or useless” organs has shrunken steadily over time as scientific knowledge increases. Organs such as adrenal glands and pituitary glands may have seemed to be without function to the early evolutionary proponents, but both organs are now known to be critical for the maintenance of life. The lowly appendix may have been easily placed in the same vestigial category, but current knowledge shows that the appendix does indeed have beneficial function.

Exactly one hundred years ago last month was the date of the infamous “Scopes Monkey Trial.” To this date the public impression is that Bible-believing Christians, in general, and creationists, in particular, were shown to be unscientific, foolish buffoons at the trial. This interpretation of the trial was indubitably impressed on the public with the intentionally biased movie Inherit the Wind released some thirty-five years later in 1960 that was based on a fictional play by the same title written in 1955.

Abstract

The measuring of the human skull, called craniometry, was exploited in the last century to prove that women had smaller brains compared to men in an attempt to support the notion that they were less-evolved than men. As a result, women were also believed to be less intelligent and inferior to men in other ways. This view, inspired by Charles Darwin, was widely accepted in academia, including by many of Darwin’s leading disciples. It also had a profound negative effect on women’s progress, especially educationally, socially, and economically.

Is Answers in Genesis Going the Way of the International Conference on Creationism?

Many false myths exist about the creation worldview that creationists have attempted to overcome. Unfortunately, myths die hard, if they die at all. One of the most widely believed false myths is that the Church taught that the world was flat, which caused the Catholic Columbus to fear that he would fall off of the Earth’s edge if he sailed too far West. In fact, Columbus knew the earth was not flat and even estimated the distance from the Canary Islands to Japan was 2,800 miles. He turned out to be wrong about this fact. We know that it was actually closer to 14,000 miles. On his way to the East, Columbus bumped into America, which he thought was India, thus he called the people there Indians, the name that stuck.

In the debate with Dr. Dan Stern Cardinale, 1 Cardinale stated, in support of de novo evolution of multicellularity, that

In a debate with Dr. Dan Stern Cardinale entitled Common Design or Common Descent? streamed on January 18, 2025, 1 when asked to provide an experiment that supports macroevolution, Cardinale stated that

It’s not an experiment, but it is a direct observation in nature; we have lizard populations that are right now in progress converting from laying eggs to giving live birth. That’s macroevolution by anyone’s standards. (1:44:35).

All of the claimed evidence for evolution, as defined in this paper, has been disproved by the peer reviewed literature including the fossil record  1 and the useless organs  2 and poor design claims.  3 The three pillars, abiogenesis, natural selection and mutations  4 have likewise been refuted as have the other major pillars including the taxonomy claim, homology, arguments against irreducible complexity, pseudogenes and endosymbiosis.  5

The books noted above are typical of the books on science for young people and irresponsibly indoctrinate young people to accept the secular worldview of atheistic evolution. All the evolutionary examples used in the books reviewed above are very problematic: the claims made have long ago been rejected by research, even by many evolutionists. ...

• 1Bergman, Jerry. Fossil Forensics: Separating Fact from Fantasy in Paleontology. Bartlett Publishing, Tulsa, OK. 2019.
• 2Bergman, Jerry. Useless Organs: The Rise and Fall of a Central Claim of Evolution. Tulsa, Oklahoma: Bartlett Publishing. revised version 2024. Revised edition 332 pages.
• 3Bergman, Jerry. Poor Design. An Invalid Argument Against Intelligent Design. Tulsa, Oklahoma: Bartlett Publishing. 2024. 230 pages. Revised edition
• 4Bergman, Jerry The Three Pillars of Evolution Demolished: Why Darwin Was Wrong. WestBow Division of Thomas Nelson and Zondervan, Bloomington, IN. 2022.
• 5Bergman, Jerry The Last Pillars of Evolution Falsified: Further Evidence Proving Darwinian Evolution Wrong. WestBow Division of Thomas Nelson and Zondervan, Bloomington, IN. 2022.